Dongfang 东方 120F Type III (测光)

The 东ifang 120F Type III (测光) was a medium format TLR camera introduced by the Chinese manufacturer Dongfang in 1982. As a twin lens reflex, it features two objective lenses – one for viewing and focusing, and the other for taking the actual photograph. The camera uses 120 roll film, producing 12 square 6×6 cm negatives or exposures per roll. Its shutter speed range covers Bulb mode for long exposures and speeds from 1 second to 1/300 second, sufficient for general photographic needs. The inclusion of a built-in light meter (as indicated by "测光" in its name) made it a practical tool for photographers during the early 1980s, when manual cameras with built-in meters were becoming more common.

Dongfang was one of several camera manufacturers in China during the mid-20th century, producing cameras that often combined functionality with affordability. The 120F Type III represents a continuation of TLR design principles during a period when SLR cameras were becoming dominant in many markets. While not revolutionary in its technical specifications or design, the camera served as an accessible entry point into medium format photography for Chinese photographers and enthusiasts. Its straightforward controls and reliable build quality made it a functional tool rather than a luxury item, reflecting the utilitarian approach common in Chinese manufacturing during that era.